مسرد مصطلحات العقارات الإسرائيلية

The Israel Land Registry (Lishkat Risham HaMekarkein), where property ownership is officially recorded. A Tabu extract (Nesach Tabu) is the official document proving property ownership.

An official extract from the Tabu (Land Registry) showing the current ownership status, registered liens, mortgages, and any legal encumbrances on a property.

The Israel Land Authority (ILA), which manages approximately 93% of Israel's land. Properties on ILA land are leased (typically for 49 or 98 years) rather than owned outright.

The process of capitalizing (converting) a leasehold property from the Israel Land Authority (Minhal) to full freehold ownership registered in the Tabu.

An apartment or flat. The most common type of residential property in Israel, typically located in multi-story buildings.

A 'sole apartment' — the only residential property owned by the buyer in Israel. Buyers purchasing their Dira Yechida are eligible for significantly reduced Mas Rechisha (purchase tax) rates.

A top-floor apartment, often with a large rooftop terrace (gag). Penthouses in Israel typically command a significant premium over regular apartments in the same building.

In Israeli real estate, a cottage refers to a multi-level townhouse or row house, typically with a small private garden. Not to be confused with the English meaning of a small rural house.

A detached single-family house, usually with a private garden and parking. Villas are more common in suburban areas and smaller cities.

A rooftop or rooftop terrace. In Israeli real estate, 'gag' often refers to exclusive rooftop rights that come with a top-floor apartment, which can be a significant value-add.

Purchase tax — a graduated tax paid by the buyer when purchasing real estate in Israel. Rates vary based on the property price and whether it's the buyer's sole apartment (Dira Yechida) or an additional property.

Capital gains tax on the sale of real estate in Israel. Calculated on the profit (appreciation) from the time of purchase to the time of sale.

Municipal property tax paid to the local authority (iriya). Rates vary significantly between municipalities and are calculated based on the property's size, location, and use (residential/commercial).

A mortgage loan for purchasing real estate. Israeli mortgages are typically composed of multiple 'tracks' (maslulim) with different interest rate structures.

A mortgage track or tranche. Israeli mortgages are divided into multiple tracks, each with different interest rate structures and risk profiles.

The prime interest rate in Israel, set by the Bank of Israel. Mortgage tracks linked to Prime fluctuate with changes to this base rate. The mortgage rate is typically quoted as 'Prime minus X%' or 'Prime plus X%'.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI). Some mortgage tracks and rental agreements in Israel are linked to the Madad, meaning payments adjust with inflation.

A sales agreement or purchase contract for real estate. This is the binding legal document that outlines the terms of the property transaction.

Power of attorney. In Israeli real estate transactions, a Yipui Koach is often given to the attorney handling the transaction to sign documents and register the property on behalf of the buyer.

A deed of sale — the official document used to transfer property ownership in the Tabu (Land Registry). This is the final step in completing a property transaction.

National Outline Plan 38 — a government program to strengthen buildings against earthquakes. Under TAMA 38, developers add reinforcement, extra floors, and modern amenities to older buildings in exchange for the right to build and sell new apartments.

Evacuation-reconstruction — an urban renewal program where old residential buildings are demolished and replaced with new, larger developments. Existing residents receive new apartments in the rebuilt project.

Merkhav Mugan Dirati — a residential protected space (bomb shelter room). Required by law in all new Israeli construction since 1992. A reinforced concrete room designed to protect occupants during missile attacks.

A shared bomb shelter, typically located in the basement or ground floor of older apartment buildings. Unlike a Mamad (private safe room), a Miklat serves all residents of the building.

The municipal government or city hall. The Iriya is responsible for local services, zoning, building permits, and collecting Arnona (municipal tax).

The building committee or homeowners' association. Responsible for managing common areas, maintenance, and shared expenses in apartment buildings.

Tochnit Binui Ir — a city building plan or zoning plan. The Taba determines what can be built on a specific plot, including building height, density, setbacks, and permitted uses.

A Jewish immigrant to Israel who makes Aliyah. Olim (plural) receive various benefits including reduced purchase tax rates, Arnona discounts, and other financial assistance.

The immigration of Jews to Israel. Literally means 'ascent.' Making Aliyah grants Israeli citizenship and access to various government benefits and tax advantages.

The 'absorption basket' — a financial assistance package provided by the Israeli government to new immigrants (Olim) during their first months in Israel.

A returning resident — an Israeli citizen who lived abroad for an extended period and returns to Israel. Toshavim Chozrim may qualify for some (but not all) of the benefits available to Olim Hadashim.

A real estate agent or broker. In Israel, real estate agents must be licensed. The standard commission is 2% + VAT from each side (buyer and seller), though this is negotiable.

A licensed property appraiser. Banks require a Shama'i appraisal before approving a mortgage. The appraiser determines the property's market value, which affects the maximum mortgage amount.

A building contractor or developer. In Israel, Kablanim build new residential projects and sell apartments 'off-plan' (before or during construction).

The Sale (Apartments) Law — Israeli legislation that protects buyers purchasing new apartments from developers (Kablanim). It mandates warranties, delivery standards, and financial guarantees.

Gross area (Bruto) vs. net area (Neto) of a property. Bruto includes shared spaces like stairwells and walls, while Neto is the actual usable living space inside the apartment.

Value Added Tax (VAT), currently 17% in Israel. When buying a new apartment from a developer (Kablan), VAT is included in the price. Second-hand purchases between private individuals are exempt from VAT.